What is Bee Propolis?
Bee propolis, also known as bee glue, is a sticky, resinous substance that bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate scraped from tree buds, sap flows or other botanical sources near their hive. Bees use propolis to seal cracks and holes in their hives in order to strengthen their protection from the outside environment. Propolis has a strong, bitter taste that serves as a protective substance against microbes and other threats to the hive’s inhabitants.
Composition and Health Benefits of Bee Propolis Extract
Bee Propolis Extract contains over 300 compounds that make it a versatile natural substance. Its primary constituents are phenolic compounds, mainly phenolic acids and their esters, as well as flavonoids which act as powerful antioxidants. It also contains essential oils, terpenes, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids.
Propolis’ antioxidant properties help neutralize free radicals in the body that can lead to cellular damage, chronic diseases and premature aging. Its antioxidant levels are far higher than other bee products like honey and bee pollen. Propolis also possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral and immune- boosting effects that have made it a traditional remedy for various ailments. Research has shown propolis may help treat conditions like heart disease, diabetes and gastrointestinal issues.
Extracting Propolis
The active constituents in raw propolis are difficult for the body to absorb. Extracting propolis yields a concentrated form that is more bioavailable. Ethanolic extraction is the most common method, involving steeping raw propolis in high-proof ethanol like Everclear for an extended period, usually 6-8 weeks. The solution is then filtered and the ethanol evaporated, leaving behind a dark brown, sticky propolis extract.
The extraction process helps solubilize propolis’ fat-soluble compounds into a resinous form that’s easier for the body to utilize. Studies show ethanolic extracts contain higher concentrations of antioxidants, flavonoids, polyphenols and other nutrients compared to raw propolis. This makes extracts a more potent delivery method for experiencing propolis’ health benefits.
Forms of Bee Propolis Extract
Propolis extract supplements come in various forms, each with their own advantages:
– Liquid extract – Considered the most concentrated form with the highest amounts of active compounds. Easy to mix into drinks or other liquids.
– Capsules – Convenient gelatin or vegetable capsule delivery. Absorption can vary based on capsule type and quality.
– Lozenges/pastilles – Allow propolis to be absorbed through the soft tissues in the mouth. Great option for cough/sore throat relief.
– Topical creams/ointments – Used externally to aid wound healing, soothe skin irritations and reduce inflammation. Products often contain additional herbal extracts.
– Tinctures – Alcohol-based extracts that deliver compounds through intestinal absorption. Flavor profiles vary by plant materials used.
Dosage and Safety of Bee Propolis Extract
Most propolis supplements recommend 150-300mg daily as a general dosage for maintenance and wellness support. Higher doses up to 1000mg per day may be used short-term under guidance from a healthcare practitioner, for conditions requiring more concentrated antioxidant or antimicrobial activity.
Propolis is generally well-tolerated, though rare allergic reactions are possible in individuals allergic to plant resins, pollens or bees. As with any supplement or herbal product, it’s best to speak with your doctor if you have any medical conditions or take prescription medications, as herb- drug interactions are possible. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a physician before using propolis. When purchasing, look for brands certified free of toxins and sourced ethically from apiculture cooperatives.
As a natural substance produced by bee propolis extract extract harnesses the antioxidant power of nature. Its broad-spectrum of phenolic compounds and other beneficial constituents gives propolis anti-inflammatory, immune-supportive and preservative effects prized across cultures for millennia. With ongoing research elucidating its therapeutic mechanisms and applications, propolis extract continues to emerge as an interesting herbal solution worth exploring for general health and wellness or specific health conditions. When used responsibly and judiciously as part of an overall healthy lifestyle, it can be a worthwhile supplement for enriching one’s overall well-being.
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Alice Mutum is a seasoned senior content editor at Coherent Market Insights, leveraging extensive expertise gained from her previous role as a content writer. With seven years in content development, Alice masterfully employs SEO best practices and cutting-edge digital marketing strategies to craft high-ranking, impactful content. As an editor, she meticulously ensures flawless grammar and punctuation, precise data accuracy, and perfect alignment with audience needs in every research report. Alice’s dedication to excellence and her strategic approach to content make her an invaluable asset in the world of market insights.
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